Safe Harbor 401(k) Guide for Employers
A Safe Harbor 401(k) allows employers to automatically pass nondiscrimination testing by making mandatory contributions to all eligible employees. This ensures highly compensated employees can maximize their contributions.
Safe Harbor Contribution Options
| Type | Employer Contribution | Vesting |
|---|---|---|
| Basic Match | 100% of first 3% + 50% of next 2% | Immediate |
| Enhanced Match | 100% of first 4% (or equivalent) | Immediate |
| Non-Elective | 3% of comp for all eligible employees | Immediate (or 2-year cliff) |
| QACA | 100% of first 1% + 50% of next 5% | 2-year cliff |
Frequently Asked Questions
IRS tests (ADP/ACP) ensure 401(k) plans do not disproportionately benefit highly compensated employees. Safe Harbor plans are exempt from these tests because the mandatory contributions ensure all employees benefit.